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Andre Mourgues with Dog, 1972
Andy Warhol (American, 1928–1987)
Polaroid photograph
Gift of the Andy Warhol Foundation for Visual Arts, Inc, 2008.23.80
Do pets improve our health?
“Pet Therapy” began in the 1960s, catalyzing a movement that encouraged schools and hospitals to develop animal therapy programs. Current research
finds that individuals with pets are 30% less likely to have a heart attack and 40% less likely to have a stroke. During the 2020 pandemic shutdown, 1 in 5
homes adopted an animal. Today, 85% of these pets are still in homes, suggesting that animals were useful for easing the stress of Covid-19.
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Box in the Shape of a Red-Crowned Crane Made in Yokkaichi, Japan, 1900-1930
Made of Lead-Glazed Earthenware
Mr. and Mrs. Euchlin D. Reeves Collection in memory of Mrs. Chester Green Reeves and Miss Lizzie H. Dyer, 1967.1.694 a,b
Good Luck and Longevity
The red-crowned crane (Grus japonensis) is one of the rarest crane species in the world. According to Japanese legend, these birds, which bring good luck and longievety, live for over 1,000 years. The
beauty, grace, and resilience of the crane made it perfect for the design of the Series D 1000-yen note and the Japan Airlines logo.
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Butterfly with Three Carnations, 1957
Ivan Mosca (Italian, b. 1915, d.2005)
Color lithograph
Unknown source, U1980.3.46
Butterfly Psychology
The English word psychology originates from the Greek word psyche, meaning butterfly. At first glance, the two words are unrelated. However, butterflies’ beauty,
strength, and transformation have long been used as symbols of the human experience. What characteristic of the butterfly speaks most to you
today?
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Crowned Partridge, 1821
John Latham (English, 1740–1837)
Hand-colored engraving
Unknown source, U1994.0.271
And a Partridge in a Pear Tree
This crested partridge (Rollulus rouloul) is not the bird from the classic holiday song. While they share similar characteristics, this partridge of Southeastern Asia is
much more colorful than its European counterpart. Its bright blues, greens, and reds keep the crested partridge hidden on the rainforest floor.
Along with camouflage, these birds use the buddy system to stay safe. Crested partridges search the ground for seeds and beetles in groups of up to 15 birds.
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Curled Cat, 1978
Jacques Hnizdovsky (Ukrainian, 1915–1985)
Linocut, 238/250
Gift of the Estate of John P. Bowen, U1995.1.38
Cats Under the Covers?
You may have noticed that some cats aren’t inclined to get under the covers with you. Instead, they curl up, wrapping their tails around their head. In this position,
cats relax and conserve body heat. Many cat owners refer to this position as the “fur ball,” “tuck,” or “curled loaf.”
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Dog, ca. 1895
Louise Herreshoff (American, 1876–1967)
Oil on canvas
Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Euchlin D. Reeves in memory of Mrs. Chester Green Reeves and Miss Lizzie H. Dyer, UR1967.1.148
What is going on inside their heads?
If eyes are the windows to the soul, then we are lucky that dogs, along with chimpanzees, are the only animals that consciously look humans in the eye. When
our dogs look at us, both their brains and ours release oxytocin, heightening feelings of love and trust. Here, artist Louise Herreshoff captures her dog practicing
this unique bonding technique.
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Duet, 1974
David Weidman (American, 1921–2014)
Serigraph
Unknown source, U1994.0.122
Madison Owl-venue
Although unknown throughout most of his career, Weidman’s art began receiving attention in 2007 when his pieces made their way onto set of Mad Men. You’ve probably seen his work other places, too, like the backgrounds of The Famous Adventures of Mr. Magoo, Crusader Rabbit, and Popeye. In 2010, the Los Angeles Times named Weidman, “the
most famous unknown artist.” Since then, Weidman has received more of the recognition he deserves for his iconic mid-century modern works.
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Elephant, probably late19th century
Indian, after Persian original
Bequest of Harrison J. Pemberton, Jr, 2016.33.43
Pachyderm Porsche
Elephants and humans have interacted for more than 4,000 years. First tamed in Asia for use in agriculture, elephants later became invaluable resources in times
of war. Their connection to military prowess made elephants the vehicle of choice for warriors in royal processions, where they were adorned with fine
textiles and jewelry. Needless to say, elephants get great gas mileage.
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Falcon Attacking Stag, 17th c
Unidentified artist, Mughal School
South Asia
Drawing on paper
Gift of Elizabeth Otey Watson, UR1993.5.126
17th Century Animal Planet
Between the 16th and 18th centuries, Mughal painting became a popular style in South Asia for miniatures and book illustrations. Many of these pages presented the flora and fauna of the natural world. Often presented in conflict, animals in the Mughal style were
incredibly realistic. Here, the falcon’s every feather is intricately drawn.
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Figure of a Buddha Lion
Made in China, 1875-1940
Made of Hard-Paste Porcelain
Mr. and Mrs. Euchlin D. Reeves Collection in memory of Mrs. Chester Green Reeves and Miss Lizzie H. Dyer, 1967.1.693
To Speak with a Lion’s Roar
This female Chinese guardian lion sports a distinctly Buddhist symbol on its forehead. The large bump, called an ushnisha, represents the enhanced wisdom and enlightenment of the Buddha. Also
symbolic to the Buddhist faith is the lion’s voice. With their roars, lions assert dominance over entire forests. Those who proclaim their faith with such confidence and unwavering belief are said to speak
with a lion’s roar.
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Figure of a Dog
Made in China, 1850-1900
Made of Hard-Paste Porcelain
Gift of W. Groke Mickey, 2008.3.1
Through Fido’s Eyes
Contrary to popular belief, dogs don’t see in black and white. But, with only two types of color-detecting cells in their eyes, this sancai, or "three-color", figure would appear only in shades of yellow
and blue. This means that, like humans, dogs may benefit from color therapy. Testing your dog’s color preference may make vet trips and thunderstorms easier for the both of you.
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Figures of Cows
Made in Delft, the Netherlands, 1700-1750
Made of Tin-Glazed Earthenware
Mr. and Mrs. Euchlin D. Reeves Collection in memory of Mrs. Chester Green Reeves and Miss Lizzie H. Dyer, 1967.1.936.1-2
Cow Best Friends
Like humans, cows develop emotional connections. Scientists find that each cow is happiest next to a specific member of the herd – playfully called their cow best friend. If separated, cows quickly
become agitated. Along with increased happiness, cows around their friends show increased intelligence. Animals that grew up with buddies performed significantly better on cognitive tests than those who did not. Lucky for this pair, no one will be separating them any time soon.
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Figurine of a Pheasant
Made in Jingdexhen, China, 1745-1752
Made of Hard-Paste Porcelain
Museum Purchase with funds provided by Floyd Gottwauld, 2009.2.1
Shipwreck Survivor
In 1752, the Geldermalsen, a Dutch East India Company ship, sank near Indonesia. On board were two ceramic pheasant figures, one of which is on display here. Both were stored on the higher, more
vulnerable levels of the ship, and were exposed to the harsh waters of the South China Sea. Chinese pheasants (Chrysolophus pictus) are known for their bright red and gold plummage, but after two centuries underwater, this pheasant figure has lost most of its color.
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Insect, ca. 1956
Ivan Mosca (Italian, 1915–2005)
Color lithograph
Unknown source, U1980.3.45
The Spider and the Fly
“Will you walk into my parlour?” said the Spider to the Fly,“’Tis the prettiest little parlour that ever you did spy;” The first two lines of this poem by Mary Howitt warn
children not to give in to a “spider’s” charm. While it may not seem flattering to be compared to a fly, the common housefly has some incredible traits. For example, flies can taste with their feet and see directly behind them. They are also able to process images four times faster than we can, which is part of what makes
them so hard to catch – even for a spider!
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Ise-ebi (Lobster) and Shiba-ebi (Shrimp), from the series Uozukushi (Every Variety of Fish), ca. 1832–33
Utagawa Hiroshige I (Japanese (Edo) 1797–1858)
Publisher: Nishimuraya Yohachi (Eijudô)
Woodblock print
Gift of Mr. and Mrs. J. Bolton McBryde, U1994.4.1
New Year, New Lobster
The ise ebi, or spiny lobster, is a crucial part of Japan’s New Year festivities. As seen in this print, families serve lobster alongside prawns to represent the
bounty of the sea and the upcoming year. The longer the lobster’s whiskers and antennae, the more prosperity it will bring you in the New Year. Based on the length of this lobster’s whiskers, 2023 is shaping up to be a good one.
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Jar with Dragon and Phoenix
Made in Jingdezhen, China, 1640-1680
Made of Hard-Paste Porcelain
Mr. and Mrs. Euchlin D. Reeves Collection in memory of Mrs. Chester Green Reeves and Miss Lizzie H. Dyer, 1967.1.696.1
When the Dragon Soars and the Phoenix Dances
The dragon and the phoenix are highly revered creatures in Chinese culture. When depicted together, two creatures perfectly balance each other, symbolizing harmony in life and marriage. Sightings of the dragon or phoenix heralded periods of growth and peace, inspiring a Chinese saying: “When the dragon soars and the phoenix dances, the people will enjoy happiness for years, bringing peace and tranquility to all.”
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Le Grand Coq, 1957
Johnny Friedlaender (German 1912–1992)
Color etching with aquatint
Unknown source, U1980.3.61
A Rooster in Shining Armor
Roosters often get a bad rap for aggressive and possessive behavior. Like most animals, however, roosters reciprocate the respect they receive, and are not aggressive towards members of their flock. Amazingly, humans can earn flock-status with time and patience. In return for their owners’ trust and respect,
roosters will offer their owners protection from snakes and other small predators.
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Lioness and Cub, Jaiyin (1854 – Qing dynasty 1644–1911)
Liu Deliu (Chinese,1806–1875)
Folding fan mounted as an album leaf; ink and color on paper
Gift of W. Groke Mickey, R1994.15.11
Is this lion having a bad hair day?
Luckily for this lioness and her cub, their fur is impeccable. Unlike the realistically depicted “English lion,” lions in Chinese art are drawn to convey emotion. Stylized claws, fur, and eyes represent the
animal’s power and strength. Chinese emperors liked the look of the stylized lion so much, they bred Pekingese dogs to resemble them. So, although the
Asiatic lions went extinct millennia ago, maybe part of them is still alive in our little furry friends.
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L’Exposition des Animaux,
No. 5. Le boef-éléphant, nouvelle variété...,1856.
Honoré Daumier (French, 1808–1879)
Lithograph
Unknown source, U1980.3.14
The Marilyn Monroe of Cows
The mid-1800s established a new beauty standard for livestock. The more rectangular the cow, the better. In 1855, Napoleon III planned the first livestock exhibition in Paris. This event drew over 80,000 patrons, giving livestock owners the opportunity to show off their best animals. This 19th century newspaper clipping shows the crowd’s reaction to these impressive cows.
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Mother with Fledglings, 1984
Kirk Tatom (American, b. 1955)
Alabaster
Collection of Judith F. and Eugene M. Kramer '40, Gift of Richard E. Kramer '69, 2019.5.28
Stressed? Try ornitherapy.
Over the years, ornitherapy, or therapeutic bird watching, has been shown to increase mindfulness, heighten creativity, and decrease anxiety. For example, a mother feeding and pruning her fledglings evokes
feelings of contentment and love. Observing these interactions teaches individuals to experience and embrace their emotions, leading to a stronger and
healthier mental state.
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Namazu (Catfish) and Koi (Carp), from a painting instruction book (ehon) titled Shakin-bukuro, kōhenVol 7”, ca.1745
Tachibana Morikuni (Japanese (Edo), 1679–1748)
Woodblock print, illustrated book page with two panels
Gift of Mr. and Mrs. J. Bolton McBryde, UR1994.4.6
Not-So-Fishy Stories
The carp and the catfish are popular subjects of Japanese mythology. One story tells of Namazu, a giant catfish who caused earthquakes with the wiggling of
his tail. Other myths talk of carp transforming into dragons after navigating the dangerous Yellow River. Many years ago, more prints of the two fish would
come on the market during periods of seismic activity or heavy flooding.
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Painting by J. Fred Muggs
(Chimpanzee, b.1952; active 1953–1975)
Finger painting on paper
Gift of the Estate of John P. Bowen, U1995.1.36
Monkey business?
More like monkey businessman!
J. Fred Muggs, a Cameroonian chimpanzee, dedicated his life to the arts. Late in his career, Muggs produced
colorful finger paintings like the one on display. In 1958, one of his pieces made the cover of Mad Magazine #38.
Before the chimp developed his finger-painting technique, he co-hosted NBC’s Today Show, which debuted in 1952. After one year, NBC executives hired the multitalented Muggs as a solution to plummeting ratings. This decision earned the show $100 million, saving the Today Show from becoming a thing of yesterday.
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Peaceable Alaska, 1982
Rie Muñoz
Exhibition poster (1992)
Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Alan M. Corwin, 2011.19.3
Peaceable (adj): free from strife or
disorder
Edward Hicks’ work, Peaceable Kingdom, inspired artist Rie Muñoz to create this scene of her Alaskan town. Hicks based his 62 versions of Peaceable Kingdom on
the Biblical book of Isaiah (11:6-9) which states, “the lion also shall dwell with the lamb, and the leopard shall lie down with the kid. . . and a little child shall
lead them.” Set in Alaska, Muñoz’s kingdom exchanges lion for elk and leopard for muskox. Still, her work uses
the connection between human and animal to reflect the importance of harmony and community.
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Pegasus from Odes Anacréontiques, 1953
André Dérain (French,1880 –1954)
Lithograph printed in sanguine on paper, 21/50
Gift of the Estate of John P. Bowen, U1995.1.32
Ode to the Horse’s Fountain
Many cultures tell the story of Pegasus, a mythical, winged horse. The Hippocrene, or “Horse’s Fountain”, on top of Greece’s Mount Helicon is rumored to have been formed by Pegasus’ hooves. All who drink from the spring receive poetic inspiration.
Pegasus’ connection to poetry made him a fitting subject for this piece, an illustration for a book of Anacreontic odes. The work, Odes Anacrontiques is a collection of poems about love, pleasure, or wine. If
you want to try your hand at writing one, you might want to find a mythical spring a little closer to home.
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Pitcher Encrusted with Marine Life
Made by E. & W. Bennett, Baltimore, Maryland, 1850-1857
Made of Lead-Glazed Earthenware
Gift of Emma & Jay A. Lewis in Honor of Ron Fuchs, II, 2021.12.1
Fish Taking Us to School
The human fascination with the sea spans cultures and centuries. One such curiosity lies with schools of fish. In groups, fish target and respond to danger with senses that no individual fish posesses. Even with advances in comupter modeling, scientists do not yet understand how schools perform such complex behavior.
Similar to the design of this jug representing the bounty of Maryland’s Chesapeake Bay, schooling is a balance between order and disorder, a beautiful mystery playing out below the surface.
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Posed Bull Caribou, n.d.
Michael Coleman (American, b. 1946)
Watercolor and gouache on paper
Bequest of Stanley A Kamen, U1986.1.21
One Hairy Journey
Caribou are the only deer species with hair covering their nose. This furry coat, three inches thick in some places, extends all the way to the bottoms of their hooves. Protecting their feet is critically important
come summertime, when caribou embark on one of the longest animal migrations in the world. Come next summer, this bull caribou will have completed a 1,500-mile round-trip journey to the northernmost tip of North America.
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Rats Brings Treasures (Rats Come with Treasures), 1995
Zheng Xiang (Chinese)
Relief print, Edition 2131/3000
Gift of Reverend Peyton and Mary Craighill in Honor of Bishop Lloyd and Marian Craighill, 2017.50.13
Being a “pack rat” is a good thing
According to Chinese legend, the first animals to arrive at the Jade Emperor’s party earned the first positions on the zodiac calendar. The rat won the first slot by tricking the ox into giving him a ride to the emperor’s door. Since then, those born in the year of the rat are considered clever and successful.
This legend of the rat’s resourcefulness may be inspired by the animal’s collecting habits. Rats’ homes are treasure troves of sticks, seeds, and marbles. Today, climatologists and anthropologists use these treasures as unbiased lenses into human history.
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Reincarnation de la Tortuga, 1961
Enrique Castro-Cid (Chile, 1937–1992)
Tempera on canvas
The Dr. Jacob Joseph and Bernice Fox Weinstein
Collection, gift in memory of Jacob J. Weinstein, M.d., F.A.C.S. from Bernice, Lisa, and Michael Weinstein, U1977.2.3
The Turtle Older than the Lightbulb
Reincarnation doesn’t seem to be on the horizon for Johnathan, the 190-year-old Seychelles tortoise. As the oldest land animal, Johnathan has lived to see the
inauguration of 39 U.S. presidents, the erection of the first skyscraper, and the invention of the lightbulb. Born in 1832, Johnathan has long served as a symbol of
resilience and longevity for his home country of St. Helena, earning him a place of honor on the back of island’s five pence coin.
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Seafood Salad Dish in the Shape of a Crab Shell from the Hayes Presidential Service
Made by Haviland & Company, Limoges, France, 1880–1885
Made of Hard-Paste Porcelain
Mr. and Mrs. Euchlin D. Reeves Collection in memory of Mrs. Chester Green Reeves and Miss Lizzie H. Dyer, 1967.1.1042
A Dish of Presidential Importance
This dish matches one that was part of a 562-piece set commissioned in 1879 by First Lady Lucy Hayes, wife of President Rutherford B. Hayes. American artist Theodore R. Davis designed 130 scenes of native birds, big game and fish for the set. Advances in refrigeration technology in the late 19th century brought seafood to the plates of America’s elite. Shell-shaped dishes like this were used to serve recently popularized seafood salads. With its claw-shaped feet, the dish’s owners are lucky
their salad didn’t walk right off the table!
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Spider
After Chen Hongshou (1598–1652)
From a portfolio of prints, 1958
Bequest of Harrison J. Pemberton, Jr, 2016.33.48.4
A Web of Possibilities
Interest in spider silk has come far since the days of Charlotte’s Web. Now, this material, five times as strong as steel, is used for artificial limbs, hyper-durable textiles, and biodegradable bottles. Spiders
can spin up to seven different types of silk. With this complexity, we haven’t yet mastered synthetic silk spinning. Wouldn’t it be convenient if Charlotte could just spell it out?
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Squid, 1966
Stanley William Hayter (French, 1901–1988)
Published by artist and Atelier 17
Color engraving and soft ground etching, with scorper on B.F.K. Rives paper, 41/50
Bequest of Keith Shillington, U1992.10.20
Aww, you guys made me ink!
The ink that squid use to distract predators was once a popular writing medium. Today, the fishy-smelling ink is used like watercolor paint. Some artists even utilize
the cartilaginous backbone of the squid, called the quill, as an inking tool.
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The Cow’s Head, c. 1650
Paulus Potter (Dutch, 1625–1654)
Etching
Gift of Henry Strouss, 2021.14.1
“Cowpeaceably”
Poet and farmer Beat Sterchi coined this term to describe a cow’s gentle nature. Behind their calm eyes, however, cows experience a wide range of feelings.
Naming your cows may keep them on the calm end of this emotion spectrum. Studies show that cows are more content when treated like individuals instead of
just part of a herd. Cows with names provide farmers up to 500 more pints of milk per year than those without.
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The Hundred Sparrows, n.d.
Unidentified artist (Chinese)
Folding fan mounted as an album leaf; ink and color on paper
Gift of W. Groke Mickey, R1994.15.72
Sparrow Soundtrack
Neuroscientists at Emory University found that sparrows listening to birdsong respond in the same way that humans do to music. When female sparrows listen to birdsong and humans listen to music, corresponding regions of their brains activate. Interestingly, male sparrows listening to male birdsong react similarly to a human listening to the soundtrack of a scary movie.
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Vases with Boy and Girl Riding Dragons
Made in Limoges, France, 1840-1860
Made of Hard-Paste Porcelain
Gift of Mrs. F. R. Adams, R1985.20.1.1-2
Dragons: Friend or Foe?
In Chinese culture, the dragon is the symbol of good luck and prosperity, while in European stories dragons are wicked and dangerous. Greek and Roman myths, for example, describe the beasts as horned, fire-breathing aggressors who terrorize innocent towns. However, these treasure-hoarding villains may be mythology’s greatest wingmen. Without the perfect enemy to slay, heroes like St. George and Bard the Bowman would have a hard time proving their worth. Inventing the evil dragon provided storytellers the opportunity to threaten bad behavior and encourage humanitarianism.
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A “menagerie” is commonly defined as "an eclectic collection of animals kept for the purpose of display.” Works exhibited here
were selected from the Museums’ art and ceramics collections, and include images of domestic, wild, and fantastic animals that represent cultures from around the globe. The artworks hail from four continents and eleven countries, and they span roughly three and a half centuries. Subjects range from fish and fowl, to beloved cats and dogs, to the mythical winged-horse Pegasus — and there
is even a painting by a chimpanzee!
The exhibition and its accompanying programs explore the various bonds that humans and animals share beginning over 15,000 years ago. A mutually-reliant relationship formed as animals were
domesticated and, in return for transport, labor and protection, humans provided animals with basic care and shelter. Over time, that relationship evolved to embrace these creatures for their companionship. As pets, animals offer us comfort and comradery. We rely on them for physical, social, emotional, and mental well-
being — and they benefit as well.
The theme of this exhibition — the human-animal bond — was inspired by the isolation and loneliness resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic and the social disruptions that ensued after March
2020, when many households adopted pets of all kinds to provide physical company, and to become sources of support and comfort.
As you walk through this exhibition, we hope that you delight in the varied imagery of these creatures, and we invite you to consider the many-faceted roles animals play in our modern lives.
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This exhibit is supported by programming in partnership with Leyburn Library and
the Mudd Center for Ethics’ theme of beneficence and care. Please participate
in our Care Lab Pet Project.
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